About modifications of right-continuous stochastic processes

You are asking why two right-continuous functions $f$ and $g$ such that $f(q)=g(q)$ for every $q$ in $\mathbb Q$, coincide. Well, note that, for every $x$ not in $\mathbb Q$, $f(x)-g(x)$ is the limit of $f(q)-g(q)$ when $q\to x$, $q\gt x$, $q$ in $\mathbb Q$, hence $f(x)-g(x)=0$.