Add column which contains binned values of an integer column

See ?cut and specify breaks (and maybe labels).

x$bins <- cut(x$rank, breaks=c(0,4,10,15), labels=c("1-4","5-10","10-15"))
x
#   rank  name   info  bins
# 1    1 steve    red   1-4
# 2    3   joe   blue   1-4
# 3    6  john  green  5-10
# 4    3   liz yellow   1-4
# 5   15   jon   pink 10-15

dat <- "rank,name,info
1,steve,red
3,joe,blue
6,john,green
3,liz,yellow
15,jon,pink"

x <- read.table(textConnection(dat), header=TRUE, sep=",", stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
x$bins <- cut(x$rank, breaks=seq(0, 20, 5), labels=c("1-5", "6-10", "11-15", "16-20"))
x

  rank  name   info  bins
1    1 steve    red   1-5
2    3   joe   blue   1-5
3    6  john  green  6-10
4    3   liz yellow   1-5
5   15   jon   pink 11-15

We can use smart_cut from package cutr :

# devtools::install_github("moodymudskipper/cutr")
library(cutr)

Using @Andrie's sample data:

x$bins <- smart_cut(x$rank,
                    c(1,5,11,16), 
                    labels = ~paste0(.y[1],'-',.y[2]-1), 
                    simplify = FALSE)
# rank  name   info  bins
# 1    1 steve    red   1-4
# 2    3   joe   blue   1-4
# 3    6  john  green  5-10
# 4    3   liz yellow   1-4
# 5   15   jon   pink 11-15

more on cutr and smart_cut