Add text on top of a facet dodged barplot using ggplot2

You need to dodge the text values as well. Try

qbarplot_yr_1 + geom_text(data = censusData,
         aes(x = County, group=variable, y = value + 150, 
         label = format(value, nsmall = 0, digits=1, scientific = FALSE)), 
         color="blue", position=position_dodge(.9), hjust=.5)

We also need the group= so it knows which values to dodge on.