android.database.CursorIndexOutOfBoundsException

You are attempting to retrieve an item on index 2 but this index really doesn't exist (Cursor size is 2 so indexes are 0,1).

Change your loop:

if (result != null && result.moveToFirst()){
    do {
       Post post = new Post();
       post.setPostId(result.getInt(0));
       posts.add(post);
       ....
    } while (result.moveToNext());
}

Now it should work correctly.

Note: Don't forget to call moveToFirst() method that moves Cursor into the first record (implicitly is positioned before the first row) and prepares it for reading. This is also a handy method for testing whether Cursor is valid or not.

Note 2: Don't use column indexes, you can simply make a mistake in counting. Instead of use column names - this approach is generally recommended e.q. cursor.getColumnIndex("<columnName>")

You havent moved cursor index to first .. Try like this below

 String getPost = "SELECT * FROM " + TABLE_POST + ";";
    Cursor result = getReadableDatabase().rawQuery(getPost, null);
    List posts = new ArrayList();{
    Log.d("count", result.getCount() + " post rows");

    if (result .moveToFirst()) {
        do {
             Post post = new Post();
             post.setPostId(result.getInt(0));
             posts.add(post);
              ....
        } while (result .moveToNext());
    }
    result .close();