AngularJS: how to implement a simple file upload with multipart form?

A real working solution with no other dependencies than angularjs (tested with v.1.0.6)

html

<input type="file" name="file" onchange="angular.element(this).scope().uploadFile(this.files)"/>

Angularjs (1.0.6) not support ng-model on "input-file" tags so you have to do it in a "native-way" that pass the all (eventually) selected files from the user.

controller

$scope.uploadFile = function(files) {
    var fd = new FormData();
    //Take the first selected file
    fd.append("file", files[0]);

    $http.post(uploadUrl, fd, {
        withCredentials: true,
        headers: {'Content-Type': undefined },
        transformRequest: angular.identity
    }).success( ...all right!... ).error( ..damn!... );

};

The cool part is the undefined content-type and the transformRequest: angular.identity that give at the $http the ability to choose the right "content-type" and manage the boundary needed when handling multipart data.


You can use the simple/lightweight ng-file-upload directive. It supports drag&drop, file progress and file upload for non-HTML5 browsers with FileAPI flash shim

<div ng-controller="MyCtrl">
  <input type="file" ngf-select="onFileSelect($files)" multiple>
</div>

JS:

//inject angular file upload directive.
angular.module('myApp', ['ngFileUpload']);

var MyCtrl = [ '$scope', 'Upload', function($scope, Upload) {
  $scope.onFileSelect = function($files) {
  Upload.upload({
    url: 'my/upload/url',
    file: $files,            
  }).progress(function(e) {
  }).then(function(data, status, headers, config) {
    // file is uploaded successfully
    console.log(data);
  }); 

}];

It is more efficient to send a file directly.

The base64 encoding of Content-Type: multipart/form-data adds an extra 33% overhead. If the server supports it, it is more efficient to send the files directly:

$scope.upload = function(url, file) {
    var config = { headers: { 'Content-Type': undefined },
                   transformResponse: angular.identity
                 };
    return $http.post(url, file, config);
};

When sending a POST with a File object, it is important to set 'Content-Type': undefined. The XHR send method will then detect the File object and automatically set the content type.

To send multiple files, see Doing Multiple $http.post Requests Directly from a FileList

I figured I should start with input type="file", but then found out that AngularJS can't bind to that..

The <input type=file> element does not by default work with the ng-model directive. It needs a custom directive:

Working Demo of "select-ng-files" Directive that Works with ng-model1

angular.module("app",[]);

angular.module("app").directive("selectNgFiles", function() {
  return {
    require: "ngModel",
    link: function postLink(scope,elem,attrs,ngModel) {
      elem.on("change", function(e) {
        var files = elem[0].files;
        ngModel.$setViewValue(files);
      })
    }
  }
});
<script src="//unpkg.com/angular/angular.js"></script>
  <body ng-app="app">
    <h1>AngularJS Input `type=file` Demo</h1>
    
    <input type="file" select-ng-files ng-model="fileArray" multiple>
    
    <h2>Files</h2>
    <div ng-repeat="file in fileArray">
      {{file.name}}
    </div>
  </body>

$http.post with content type multipart/form-data

If one must send multipart/form-data:

<form role="form" enctype="multipart/form-data" name="myForm">
    <input type="text"  ng-model="fdata.UserName">
    <input type="text"  ng-model="fdata.FirstName">
    <input type="file"  select-ng-files ng-model="filesArray" multiple>
    <button type="submit" ng-click="upload()">save</button>
</form>

$scope.upload = function() {
    var fd = new FormData();
    fd.append("data", angular.toJson($scope.fdata));
    for (i=0; i<$scope.filesArray.length; i++) {
        fd.append("file"+i, $scope.filesArray[i]);
    };

    var config = { headers: {'Content-Type': undefined},
                   transformRequest: angular.identity
                 }
    return $http.post(url, fd, config);
};

When sending a POST with the FormData API, it is important to set 'Content-Type': undefined. The XHR send method will then detect the FormData object and automatically set the content type header to multipart/form-data with the proper boundary.


I just had this issue. So there are a few approaches. The first is that new browsers support the

var formData = new FormData();

Follow this link to a blog with info about how support is limited to modern browsers but otherwise it totally solves this issue.

Otherwise you can post the form to an iframe using the target attribute. When you post the form be sure to set the target to an iframe with its display property set to none. The target is the name of the iframe. (Just so you know.)

I hope this helps

Tags:

Angularjs

Angularjs Fileupload

Recent Posts