ArcGIS - Export Dialog Options missing
Have you tried exporting them using the python window as a work around? You could export maps using arcpy.
This website shows how to set up the document for export: http://help.arcgis.com/en/arcgisdesktop/10.0/help/index.html#//00s30000006w000000
While this one goes into more detail about the specifications you can set:
http://resources.arcgis.com/en/help/main/10.1/index.html#//00sm00000004000000
This allows you to specify the size and type of file that you want to export.
I like the python exporting by @Sarah but the options panel should be available for you regardless.
Since you cannot find the 'ExportDlg' folder in your registry, close ArcMap and try renaming the whole 'Export' folder to 'Export_old' in the registry. When ArcMap is restarted it should recreate the folder as well as its subfolder 'ExportDlg.'
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\ESRI\Desktop10.1\Export
I have a solution for this problem. In the Registry search for the folder:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\ESRI\Desktop10.1\Export\ExportDlg\ShowOptionsPanel
and change the value from 0 to 1.