ASP.NET Core MVC Dependency Injection via property or setter method

In general it is good advice to avoid non constructor DI as it is considered a bit of an anti pattern, there is a good discussion about it in this related question.

With the default Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection container in aspnet core, the answer is no, but you could swap to something more powerfull like autofac (which has property injection) if you are sure you really need this feature.