-bash: cd: .ssh/: Permission denied

Since you have "Permission denied" on a directory, it is likely that the directory does not have execute permissions. Similarly, to traverse a directory tree to get at a file, you would need execute permissions on each directory in between the root and the file (hence the same error for the other command).

Try setting the execute permissions on the directory

chmod u+xr,go-rwx ~/.ssh

Then see if you can run those statements again.