Bullets not showing in beamer
I had a similar problem using XeLaTex, and it turned out the reason was an incompatibility with the enumitem package.
EDIT: The problem based on the compilation. dingo_d uses dvipdfm. By changing to pdflatex everything works well.
I have no problem with your example.
Some packages of your header are obsolote. Have a look at this post: How to keep up with packages and know which ones are obsolete?
You don't need to load color and xcolor together (In beamer the package will be load by default).
Maybe there is a problem with you versions. Here my file list:
*File List*
beamer.cls 2011/09/12 development version 3.12 A class for typesetting pre
sentations (rcs-revision 70f9d8411e54)
beamerbasercs.sty 2011/09/21 (rcs-revision 42a2c9debdc3)
beamerbasemodes.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerbasedecode.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
ifpdf.sty 2011/01/30 v2.3 Provides the ifpdf switch (HO)
beamerbaseoptions.sty 2010/04/27 (rcs-revision 982469101dd6)
keyval.sty 1999/03/16 v1.13 key=value parser (DPC)
geometry.sty 2010/09/12 v5.6 Page Geometry
ifvtex.sty 2010/03/01 v1.5 Switches for detecting VTeX and its modes (HO)
ifxetex.sty 2010/09/12 v0.6 Provides ifxetex conditional
size12.clo 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX file (size option)
pgfcore.sty 2010/04/11 v2.10 (rcs-revision 1.7)
graphicx.sty 1999/02/16 v1.0f Enhanced LaTeX Graphics (DPC,SPQR)
graphics.sty 2009/02/05 v1.0o Standard LaTeX Graphics (DPC,SPQR)
trig.sty 1999/03/16 v1.09 sin cos tan (DPC)
graphics.cfg 2010/04/23 v1.9 graphics configuration of TeX Live
pdftex.def 2011/05/27 v0.06d Graphics/color for pdfTeX
infwarerr.sty 2010/04/08 v1.3 Providing info/warning/message (HO)
ltxcmds.sty 2011/04/18 v1.20 LaTeX kernel commands for general use (HO)
pgfsys.sty 2010/06/30 v2.10 (rcs-revision 1.37)
pgfrcs.sty 2010/10/25 v2.10 (rcs-revision 1.24)
everyshi.sty 2001/05/15 v3.00 EveryShipout Package (MS)
pgfrcs.code.tex
pgfsys.code.tex
pgfsyssoftpath.code.tex 2008/07/18 (rcs-revision 1.7)
pgfsysprotocol.code.tex 2006/10/16 (rcs-revision 1.4)
xcolor.sty 2007/01/21 v2.11 LaTeX color extensions (UK)
color.cfg 2007/01/18 v1.5 color configuration of teTeX/TeXLive
dvipsnam.def 1999/02/16 v3.0i Driver-dependant file (DPC,SPQR)
pgfcore.code.tex
xxcolor.sty 2003/10/24 ver 0.1
hyperref.sty 2011/10/01 v6.82j Hypertext links for LaTeX
hobsub-hyperref.sty 2011/04/23 v1.4 Bundle oberdiek, subset hyperref (HO)
hobsub-generic.sty 2011/04/23 v1.4 Bundle oberdiek, subset generic (HO)
hobsub.sty 2011/04/23 v1.4 Subsetting bundle oberdiek (HO)
ifluatex.sty 2010/03/01 v1.3 Provides the ifluatex switch (HO)
intcalc.sty 2007/09/27 v1.1 Expandable integer calculations (HO)
etexcmds.sty 2011/02/16 v1.5 Prefix for e-TeX command names (HO)
kvsetkeys.sty 2011/04/07 v1.13 Key value parser (HO)
kvdefinekeys.sty 2011/04/07 v1.3 Defining keys (HO)
pdftexcmds.sty 2011/04/22 v0.16 Utilities of pdfTeX for LuaTeX (HO)
pdfescape.sty 2011/04/04 v1.12 Provides string conversions (HO)
bigintcalc.sty 2011/01/30 v1.2 Expandable big integer calculations (HO)
bitset.sty 2011/01/30 v1.1 Data type bit set (HO)
uniquecounter.sty 2011/01/30 v1.2 Provides unlimited unique counter (HO)
letltxmacro.sty 2010/09/02 v1.4 Let assignment for LaTeX macros (HO)
hopatch.sty 2011/01/30 v1.0 Wrapper for package hooks (HO)
xcolor-patch.sty 2011/01/30 xcolor patch
atveryend.sty 2011/04/23 v1.7 Hooks at very end of document (HO)
atbegshi.sty 2011/01/30 v1.15 At begin shipout hook (HO)
refcount.sty 2010/12/01 v3.2 Data extraction from references (HO)
hycolor.sty 2011/01/30 v1.7 Color options of hyperref/bookmark (HO)
kvoptions.sty 2010/12/23 v3.10 Keyval support for LaTeX options (HO)
pd1enc.def 2011/10/01 v6.82j Hyperref: PDFDocEncoding definition (HO)
hyperref.cfg 2002/06/06 v1.2 hyperref configuration of TeXLive
url.sty 2006/04/12 ver 3.3 Verb mode for urls, etc.
hpdftex.def 2011/10/01 v6.82j Hyperref driver for pdfTeX
rerunfilecheck.sty 2011/04/15 v1.7 Rerun checks for auxiliary files (HO)
beamerbaserequires.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerbasecompatibility.sty 2010/07/12 (rcs-revision 6648c3177e4e)
beamerbasefont.sty 2010/10/26 (rcs-revision f39336aafb3c)
amssymb.sty 2009/06/22 v3.00
amsfonts.sty 2009/06/22 v3.00 Basic AMSFonts support
beamerbasetranslator.sty 2010/06/11 (rcs-revision 85fd1cc7fc42)
translator.sty 2010/06/12 ver 1.10
translator-language-mappings.tex
beamerbasemisc.sty 2010/06/06 (rcs-revision bff0a9294b45)
beamerbasetwoscreens.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerbaseoverlay.sty 2011/09/12 (rcs-revision 70f9d8411e54)
beamerbasetitle.sty 2010/09/21 (rcs-revision f0446ed0b6ae)
beamerbasesection.sty 2010/08/29 (rcs-revision e07e85b4cd4a)
beamerbaseframe.sty 2011/09/12 (rcs-revision 70f9d8411e54)
beamerbaseverbatim.sty 2011/09/12 (rcs-revision 70f9d8411e54)
beamerbaseframesize.sty 2011/09/12 (rcs-revision 70f9d8411e54)
beamerbaseframecomponents.sty 2011/09/12 (rcs-revision 70f9d8411e54)
beamerbasecolor.sty 2010/06/06 (rcs-revision d1a9b48be06d)
beamerbasenotes.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerbasetoc.sty 2010/06/11 (rcs-revision 242ecaa6783b)
beamerbasetemplates.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerbaseauxtemplates.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerbaseboxes.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerbaselocalstructure.sty 2010/09/19 (rcs-revision 9224c5f3ce70)
enumerate.sty 1999/03/05 v3.00 enumerate extensions (DPC)
beamerbasenavigation.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerbasetheorems.sty 2010/06/06 (rcs-revision 7e7cc5e53e9d)
amsmath.sty 2000/07/18 v2.13 AMS math features
amstext.sty 2000/06/29 v2.01
amsgen.sty 1999/11/30 v2.0
amsbsy.sty 1999/11/29 v1.2d
amsopn.sty 1999/12/14 v2.01 operator names
amsthm.sty 2009/07/02 v2.20.1
beamerbasethemes.sty 2010/05/01 (rcs-revision efa082c6111d)
beamerthemedefault.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamerfontthemedefault.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamercolorthemedefault.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamerinnerthemedefault.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamerouterthemedefault.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamercolorthemestructure.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamerouterthemeinfolines.sty 2010/07/10 (rcs-revision 445340293dde)
beamerthemeRochester.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamerouterthemesidebar.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamerinnerthemerectangles.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamercolorthemewhale.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamercolorthemeorchid.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
beamerfontthemeprofessionalfonts.sty 2010/06/17 (rcs-revision d02a7cf4d8ae)
mathtools.sty 2011/04/06 v1.11 mathematical typesetting tools
calc.sty 2007/08/22 v4.3 Infix arithmetic (KKT,FJ)
mhsetup.sty 2010/01/21 v1.2a programming setup (MH)
bbm.sty 1999/03/15 V 1.2 provides fonts for set symbols - TH
float.sty 2001/11/08 v1.3d Float enhancements (AL)
babel.sty 2008/07/08 v3.8m The Babel package
croatian.ldf 2005/03/29 v1.3l Croatian support from the babel system
ucs.sty 2004/10/17 UCS: Unicode input support
uni-global.def 2004/10/17 UCS: Unicode global data
inputenc.sty 2008/03/30 v1.1d Input encoding file
utf8x.def 2004/10/17 UCS: Input encoding UTF-8
txfonts.sty 2008/01/22 v3.2.1
subfigure.sty 2002/03/15 v2.1.5 subfigure package
subfigure.cfg
listings.sty 2007/02/22 1.4 (Carsten Heinz)
lstmisc.sty 2007/02/22 1.4 (Carsten Heinz)
listings.cfg 2007/02/22 1.4 listings configuration
time.sty
extarrows.sty 2008/05/15 v1.0b Some extensible arrows
omltxmi.fd 2000/12/15 v3.1
omstxsy.fd 2000/12/15 v3.1
omxtxex.fd 2000/12/15 v3.1
utxexa.fd 2000/12/15 v3.1
ot1txss.fd 2000/12/15 v3.1
supp-pdf.mkii
epstopdf-base.sty 2010/02/09 v2.5 Base part for package epstopdf
grfext.sty 2010/08/19 v1.1 Managing graphics extensions (HO)
epstopdf-sys.cfg 2010/07/13 v1.3 Configuration of (r)epstopdf for TeX Live
nameref.sty 2010/04/30 v2.40 Cross-referencing by name of section
gettitlestring.sty 2010/12/03 v1.4 Cleanup title references (HO)
test.out
test.out
translator-basic-dictionary-English.dict
translator-bibliography-dictionary-English.dict
translator-environment-dictionary-English.dict
translator-months-dictionary-English.dict
translator-numbers-dictionary-English.dict
translator-theorem-dictionary-English.dict
ucsencs.def 2003/11/29 Fixes to fontencodings LGR, T3
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