bfs and dfs c++ code example

Example 1: python breadth first search

# tree level-by-level traversal. O(n) time/space
def breadthFirstSearch(root):
    q = [root]

    while q:
        current = q.pop(0)
        print(current)
        if current.left is not None: q.append(current.left)
        if current.right is not None: q.append(current.right)

Example 2: BFS in c++

#include<iostream>
#include <list>
 
using namespace std;
 


class Graph
{
    int V;   
 
  
    list<int> *adj;   
public:
    Graph(int V);  
 
    
    void addEdge(int v, int w); 
 
    
    void BFS(int s);  
};
 
Graph::Graph(int V)
{
    this->V = V;
    adj = new list<int>[V];
}
 
void Graph::addEdge(int v, int w)
{
    adj[v].push_back(w); 
}
 
void Graph::BFS(int s)
{
  
    bool *visited = new bool[V];
    for(int i = 0; i < V; i++)
        visited[i] = false;
 
   
    list<int> queue;
 
   
    visited[s] = true;
    queue.push_back(s);
 
   
    list<int>::iterator i;
 
    while(!queue.empty())
    {
       
        s = queue.front();
        cout << s << " ";
        queue.pop_front();
 
      
        for (i = adj[s].begin(); i != adj[s].end(); ++i)
        {
            if (!visited[*i])
            {
                visited[*i] = true;
                queue.push_back(*i);
            }
        }
    }
}
 

int main()
{
    
    Graph g(4);
    g.addEdge(0, 1);
    g.addEdge(0, 2);
    g.addEdge(1, 2);
    g.addEdge(2, 0);
    g.addEdge(2, 3);
    g.addEdge(3, 3);
 
    cout << "Following is Breadth First Traversal "
         << "(starting from vertex 2) \n";
    g.BFS(2);
 
    return 0;
}