how to convert a char to int in c++ code example

Example 1: convert char to int c++

char a = '6'; //bounded by 0 and 9
int n1 = a - '0'; 
int n2 = a - 48; 
int n3 = std::stoi(&a);

Example 2: char to int c++

int x = (int)character - 48;

Example 3: char* to int in cpp

int x = std::stoi("42")