C++ - Initializing a static map as a private class member

#include <map>
#include "Color.h"

enum COLOR
{
    RED = 0, BLUE, GREEN, YELLOW, ORANGE, WHITE, BLACK,
    BRICKS_FROM_A_DISTANCE_ON_AN_UNUSUALLY_SUNNY_AFTERNOON,
    // etc
    COLOR_COUNT
};

class ColorManager
{
    typedef std::map<COLOR, Color> ColorMap;

public:
    ColorManager();
    Color getColor(COLOR color) const;

private:
    static ColorMap createColorMap();
    static ColorMap colorMap;
};

// in some .cpp file:

ColorManager::ColorMap ColorManager::createColorMap()
{
    ColorMap ret;
    // populate ret
    return ret;
}

ColorManager::ColorMap ColorManager::colorMap = ColorManager::createColorMap();

Or with C++11:

#include <map>
#include "Color.h"

enum COLOR
{
    RED = 0, BLUE, GREEN, YELLOW, ORANGE, WHITE, BLACK,
    BRICKS_FROM_A_DISTANCE_ON_AN_UNUSUALLY_SUNNY_AFTERNOON,
    // etc
    COLOR_COUNT
};

class ColorManager
{
    using ColorMap = std::map<COLOR, Color>;

public:
    ColorManager();
    Color getColor(COLOR color) const;

private:
    static ColorMap colorMap;
};

// in some .cpp file:

ColorManager::ColorMap ColorManager::colorMap = []
{
    ColorMap ret;
    // populate ret
    return ret;
}();

std::map has a constructor that takes a pair of iterators as arguments, so you could initialize the map with, for example, an array of pairs:

#include "Color.h"

#include <map>

enum COLOR { RED = 0, BLUE, GREEN, YELLOW, ORANGE, WHITE, BLACK,
    BRICKS_FROM_A_DISTANCE_ON_AN_UNUSUALLY_SUNNY_AFTERNOON,
    // etc
    COLOR_COUNT };

class ColorManager
{
public:
    ColorManager();
    ~ColorManager();
    Color getColor(COLOR color) const;
private:
    typedef std::map<COLOR, Color> ColorMap;
    static ColorMap colorMap;
};

using std::make_pair;
using std::pair;

std::pair<COLOR, Color> colorPairs[] = {make_pair(RED, Color(...)),
                                        make_pair(BLUE, Color(...)),
                                        make_pair(GREEN, Color(...)),
                                        ...};

ColorManager::ColorMap ColorManager::colorMap(colorPairs, colorPairs + COLOR_COUNT);

In C++0x, you will be able to simply do this:

ColorManager::ColorMap ColorManager::colorMap({{RED, Color(...)},
                                               {BLUE, Color(...)},
                                               {GREEN, Color(...)},
                                               ...});