matrix multiplication in c++ code example

Example 1: matrix multipliction in c++

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int a[10][10], b[10][10], mult[10][10], r1, c1, r2, c2, i, j, k;

    cout << "Enter rows and columns for first matrix: ";
    cin >> r1 >> c1;
    cout << "Enter rows and columns for second matrix: ";
    cin >> r2 >> c2;

    // If column of first matrix in not equal to row of second matrix,
    // ask the user to enter the size of matrix again.
    while (c1!=r2)
    {
        cout << "Error! column of first matrix not equal to row of second.";

        cout << "Enter rows and columns for first matrix: ";
        cin >> r1 >> c1;

        cout << "Enter rows and columns for second matrix: ";
        cin >> r2 >> c2;
    }

    // Storing elements of first matrix.
    cout << endl << "Enter elements of matrix 1:" << endl;
    for(i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
        for(j = 0; j < c1; ++j)
        {
            cout << "Enter element a" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
            cin >> a[i][j];
        }

    // Storing elements of second matrix.
    cout << endl << "Enter elements of matrix 2:" << endl;
    for(i = 0; i < r2; ++i)
        for(j = 0; j < c2; ++j)
        {
            cout << "Enter element b" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
            cin >> b[i][j];
        }

    // Initializing elements of matrix mult to 0.
    for(i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
        for(j = 0; j < c2; ++j)
        {
            mult[i][j]=0;
        }

    // Multiplying matrix a and b and storing in array mult.
    for(i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
        for(j = 0; j < c2; ++j)
            for(k = 0; k < c1; ++k)
            {
                mult[i][j] += a[i][k] * b[k][j];
            }

    // Displaying the multiplication of two matrix.
    cout << endl << "Output Matrix: " << endl;
    for(i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
    for(j = 0; j < c2; ++j)
    {
        cout << " " << mult[i][j];
        if(j == c2-1)
            cout << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

Example 2: matrix class in c++

template<class T>
class matrix{
    size_t ROW,COL;
    vector<vector<T>> mat;
public:
    matrix(size_t N, size_t M, int populate = 0){
        this->ROW = N;
        this->COL = M;
        this->mat = vector<vector<T>> (ROW,vector<T> (COL,populate));
    }
    matrix(size_t N, int populate = 0){
        this->ROW = N;
        this->COL = N;
        this->mat = vector<vector<T>> (ROW,vector<T> (COL,populate));
    }
    void __init(){
        for(int i = 0; i < ROW; ++i){
            for(int j = 0; j < COL; ++j){
                cin  >> this->mat[i][j];
            }
        }
    }
    void __display(){
        for(int i = 0; i < ROW; ++i){
            for(int j = 0; j < COL; ++j){
                cout << this->mat[i][j] << " ";
            }
            cout << "\n";
        }
    }
    matrix<T> operator*(const matrix &rhs)const{
        if(this->COL != rhs.ROW){
            throw "MATRIX MULTIPLICATION CANNOT HAPPEN WITH THE GIVEN MATRICES"
        }
        matrix<T> result(this->ROW,rhs.COL);
        for(int _i = 0; _i < this->ROW; _i++){
            for(int _j = 0; _j < rhs.COL; _j++){
                result[_i][_j] = 0;
                for(int _k = 0; _k < this->COL; ++_k){
                    result[_i][_j]+=(this->mat[_i][_k]*rhs.mat[_k][_j]);
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
    matrix<T> power(int n){
        if(n == 0)return matrix<T>(this->ROW, this->COL,1);
        if(n == 1)return *this;
        matrix p = power(n/2);
        p = p*p;
        if(n%2)p = p*(*this);
        return p;
    }
};

Example 3: c++ program for matrix addition

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int r, c, a[100][100], b[100][100], sum[100][100], i, j;

    cout << "Enter number of rows (between 1 and 100): ";
    cin >> r;

    cout << "Enter number of columns (between 1 and 100): ";
    cin >> c;

    cout << endl << "Enter elements of 1st matrix: " << endl;

    // Storing elements of first matrix entered by user.
    for(i = 0; i < r; ++i)
       for(j = 0; j < c; ++j)
       {
           cout << "Enter element a" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
           cin >> a[i][j];
       }

    // Storing elements of second matrix entered by user.
    cout << endl << "Enter elements of 2nd matrix: " << endl;
    for(i = 0; i < r; ++i)
       for(j = 0; j < c; ++j)
       {
           cout << "Enter element b" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
           cin >> b[i][j];
       }

    // Adding Two matrices
    for(i = 0; i < r; ++i)
        for(j = 0; j < c; ++j)
            sum[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];

    // Displaying the resultant sum matrix.
    cout << endl << "Sum of two matrix is: " << endl;
    for(i = 0; i < r; ++i)
        for(j = 0; j < c; ++j)
        {
            cout << sum[i][j] << "  ";
            if(j == c - 1)
                cout << endl;
        }

    return 0;
}

Example 4: matrix multiplication in c

#include <stdio.h>
void enterData(int first[][10], int second[][10], int r1, int c1, int r2, int c2);
void multiplyMatrices(int first[][10], int second[][10], int multResult[][10], int r1, int c1, int r2, int c2);
void display(int mult[][10], int r1, int c2);

int main() {
    int first[10][10], second[10][10], mult[10][10], r1, c1, r2, c2;
    printf("Enter rows and column for the first matrix: ");
    scanf("%d %d", &r1, &c1);
    printf("Enter rows and column for the second matrix: ");
    scanf("%d %d", &r2, &c2);

    // Taking input until columns of the first matrix is equal to the rows of the second matrix
    while (c1 != r2) {
        printf("Error! Enter rows and columns again.\n");
        printf("Enter rows and columns for the first matrix: ");
        scanf("%d%d", &r1, &c1);
        printf("Enter rows and columns for the second matrix: ");
        scanf("%d%d", &r2, &c2);
    }

    // Function to take matrices data
    enterData(first, second, r1, c1, r2, c2);

    // Function to multiply two matrices.
    multiplyMatrices(first, second, mult, r1, c1, r2, c2);

    // Function to display resultant matrix after multiplication.
    display(mult, r1, c2);

    return 0;
}

void enterData(int first[][10], int second[][10], int r1, int c1, int r2, int c2) {
    printf("\nEnter elements of matrix 1:\n");

    for (int i = 0; i < r1; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < c1; ++j) {
            printf("Enter a%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);
            scanf("%d", &first[i][j]);
        }
    }
    printf("\nEnter elements of matrix 2:\n");

    for (int i = 0; i < r2; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < c2; ++j) {
            printf("Enter b%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);
            scanf("%d", &second[i][j]);
        }
    }
}

void multiplyMatrices(int first[][10], int second[][10], int mult[][10], int r1, int c1, int r2, int c2) {

    // Initializing elements of matrix mult to 0.
    for (int i = 0; i < r1; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < c2; ++j) {
            mult[i][j] = 0;
        }
    }

    // Multiplying first and second matrices and storing in mult.
    for (int i = 0; i < r1; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < c2; ++j) {
            for (int k = 0; k < c1; ++k) {
                mult[i][j] += first[i][k] * second[k][j];
            }
        }
    }
}

void display(int mult[][10], int r1, int c2) {

    printf("\nOutput Matrix:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < r1; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < c2; ++j) {
            printf("%d  ", mult[i][j]);
            if (j == c2 - 1)
                printf("\n");
        }
    }
}

Example 5: matrix multipliction in c++

// Displaying the multiplication of two matrix.
    cout << endl << "Output Matrix: " << endl;
    for(i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
    for(j = 0; j < c2; ++j)
    {
        cout << " " << mult[i][j];
        if(j == c2-1)
            cout << endl;
    }