short for if and only iff code example

Example 1: short for if

#include <iostream>

//Another variation:
    a == 1 ? std::cout << "1" : (a == 2 ? std::cout << "2"  : a = 3);

//This is the same as:
if(a == 1)
{
    std::cout << "1";    
}
else if (a == 2)
{
    std::cout << "2";
}
else
{
    a = 3;
}

Example 2: if and elif

if test expression:
    Body of if
elif test expression:
    Body of elif
else: 
    Body of else