what is scanf used for in c code example

Example 1: how to scanf in c

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int testInteger;
    printf("Enter an integer: ");
    scanf("%d", &testInteger);  
    printf("Number = %d",testInteger);
    return 0;
}

Example 2: c scanf

scanf("%d",&variable);

/*
% is a format specifier

%d or %i 		for int
%ld or %li for 	long int
%f for 			float
%lf for 		double
%c for 			char
%s for 			string
*/