what re singleton classes in c++ code example

Example 1: singleton c++

class S
{
    public:
        static S& getInstance()
        {
            static S    instance; // Guaranteed to be destroyed.
                                  // Instantiated on first use.
            return instance;
        }
    private:
        S() {}                    // Constructor? (the {} brackets) are needed here.

        // C++ 03
        // ========
        // Don't forget to declare these two. You want to make sure they
        // are unacceptable otherwise you may accidentally get copies of
        // your singleton appearing.
        S(S const&);              // Don't Implement
        void operator=(S const&); // Don't implement

        // C++ 11
        // =======
        // We can use the better technique of deleting the methods
        // we don't want.
    public:
        S(S const&)               = delete;
        void operator=(S const&)  = delete;

        // Note: Scott Meyers mentions in his Effective Modern
        //       C++ book, that deleted functions should generally
        //       be public as it results in better error messages
        //       due to the compilers behavior to check accessibility
        //       before deleted status
};

Example 2: what are singleton classes c++

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Singleton {
   static Singleton *instance;
   int data;
 
   // Private constructor so that no objects can be created.
   Singleton() {
      data = 0;
   }

   public:
   static Singleton *getInstance() {
      if (!instance)
      instance = new Singleton;
      return instance;
   }

   int getData() {
      return this -> data;
   }

   void setData(int data) {
      this -> data = data;
   }
};

//Initialize pointer to zero so that it can be initialized in first call to getInstance
Singleton *Singleton::instance = 0;

int main(){
   Singleton *s = s->getInstance();
   cout << s->getData() << endl;
   s->setData(100);
   cout << s->getData() << endl;
   return 0;
}