why do we declare namespace in c++ code example

Example 1: what is namespace in c++

//namespace is a declarative region to provide scope for identifiers
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std; //including namespace std for cin and cout
//my custom namespace for variables and functions
namespace abc
{
  void fun()
  {
    cout<<"Hello world"<<endl;
  }
  int x=10;
}
using namespace abc;
int main()
{
  cout<<10;
  fun();
  return 0;
}

Example 2: c++ namespace example

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
namespace square{
	int x;
	int y;
}
int main(){
	using namespace square;
	x = 10;
	y = 0;
	cout << x << y << endl;
}