Calculating standard deviation of each row

You can use apply and transform functions

set.seed(007)
X <- data.frame(matrix(sample(c(10:20, NA), 100, replace=TRUE), ncol=10))
transform(X, SD=apply(X,1, sd, na.rm = TRUE))
   X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10       SD
1  NA 12 17 18 19 16 12 13 20  14 3.041381
2  14 12 13 13 14 18 16 17 20  10 3.020302
3  11 19 NA 12 19 19 19 20 12  20 3.865805
4  10 11 20 12 15 17 18 17 18  12 3.496029
5  12 15 NA 14 20 18 16 11 14  18 2.958040
6  19 11 10 20 13 14 17 16 10  16 3.596294
7  14 16 17 15 10 11 15 15 11  16 2.449490
8  NA 10 15 19 19 12 15 15 19  14 3.201562
9  11 NA NA 20 20 14 14 17 14  19 3.356763
10 15 13 14 15 NA 13 15 NA 15  12 1.195229

From ?apply you can see ... which allows using optional arguments to FUN, in this case you can use na.rm=TRUE to omit NA values.

Using rowSds from matrixStats package also requires setting na.rm=TRUE to omit NA

library(matrixStats)
transform(X, SD=rowSds(X, na.rm=TRUE)) # same result as before.

Also works, based on this answer

set.seed(007)
X <- data.frame(matrix(sample(c(10:20, NA), 100, replace=TRUE), ncol=10))

vars_to_sum = grep("X", names(X), value=T)
X %>% 
  group_by(row_number()) %>%
  do(data.frame(., 
                SD = sd(unlist(.[vars_to_sum]), na.rm=T)))

...which appends a couple of row number columns, so probably better to explicitly add your row IDs for grouping.

X %>% 
  mutate(ID = row_number()) %>%
  group_by(ID) %>%
  do(data.frame(., SD = sd(unlist(.[vars_to_sum]), na.rm=T)))

This syntax also has the feature of being able to specify which columns you want to use.