Calling member functions from a constructor

I don't think there is anything inherently wrong in calling member functions from a constructor provided that they are not virtual functions.

The problem with calling virtual member functions from a constructor is that a subclass can override the function. This will cause the constructor to call the overridden implementation in the subclass, before the constructor for the subclass part of the object has been called.

In Java, any one of the private, static or final access modifiers will make the method safe to call from a constructor by preventing a virtual call to the superclass method. I don't think these techniques are available in Python.

There is at least one associated "gotcha" you should be aware of:

N3797 12.6.2/14

Member functions (including virtual member functions, 10.3) can be called for an object under construction. Similarly, an object under construction can be the operand of the typeid operator (5.2.8) or of a dynamic_cast (5.2.7). However, if these operations are performed in a ctor-initializer (or in a function called directly or indirectly from a ctor-initializer) before all the mem-initializers for base classes have completed, the result of the operation is undefined. [Example:

class A {
public:
   A(int);
};

class B : public A {
    int j;
public:
    int f();
    B() : A(f()),  // undefined: calls member function
                   // but base A not yet initialized
    j(f()) { }     // well-defined: bases are all initialized
};

class C {
public:
    C(int);
};

class D : public B, C {
    int i;
public:
    D() : C(f()), // undefined: calls member function
                  // but base C not yet initialized
    i(f()) { }    // well-defined: bases are all initialized
};

— end example]

I'm more familiar with C++ than Python, but I see no problem with calling member functions from constructors, especially when this practice is able to factor out similar code from multiple constructors. Anything that reduces redundancy is good in my books.

The main problem with this is that the member function has to work with an object that may be only partially initialized. And if it (even accidentally) passes a reference to the object somewhere else, other code has to od the same. This can get pretty confusing and error-prone, especially once you start overriding such a function in a subclass.

So in general, this practice should be avoided or at least confined to functions that can't be overriden, and they should never pass a reference to the object being constructed to any other code.