can Haskell compiler give warning on functions that used "undefined"

A good solution is to use typed holes instead of undefined along with the -fdefer-typed-holes compiler flag to make them warnings instead of errors (which is generally more useful, anyway). With this flag enabled, you would write your example like this, instead:

add2 :: Int -> Int -> Int
add2 = _

…which produces the following warning:

warning: [-Wtyped-holes]
    • Found hole: _ :: Int -> Int -> Int
    • In the expression: _
      In an equation for ‘add2’: add2 = _
    • Relevant bindings include
        add2 :: Int -> Int -> Int

Modern GHCs will even include a list of possible substitutions for the hole in the warning:

      Valid substitutions include
        add2 :: Int -> Int -> Int
        (+) :: forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
          (imported from ‘Prelude’ (and originally defined in ‘GHC.Num’))
        (*) :: forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
          (imported from ‘Prelude’ (and originally defined in ‘GHC.Num’))
        (^) :: forall a b. (Num a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
          (imported from ‘Prelude’ (and originally defined in ‘GHC.Real’))
        (-) :: forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
          (imported from ‘Prelude’ (and originally defined in ‘GHC.Num’))
        seq :: forall a b. a -> b -> b
          (imported from ‘Prelude’ (and originally defined in ‘GHC.Prim’))
        (Some substitutions suppressed; use -fmax-valid-substitutions=N or -fno-max-valid-substitutions)

If You are using hlint, You can add this rule to your .hlint.yaml:

- warning: {lhs: "undefined", rhs: undefined}

for warnings like:

Use alternative. Replace with: undefined

or You can add your own description with name attribute, for example:

- warning: {lhs: "undefined", rhs: undefined, name: Realisation is required}

Realisation is required. Replace with: undefined

You can use automatic refactoring safely, because of it just replace undefined to undefined and does not broke anything.

Also You can ignore this rule (with name attribute) for specific function:

{-# ANN functionName "HLint: ignore Realisation is required" #-}
functionName :: Int -> Int
functionName x = undefined

or for module: {-# ANN module "HLint: ignore Realisation is required" #-}

Some alternative preludes export their own version of undefined with warning added so you will see warning during compilation if you left undefined.

• http://hackage.haskell.org/package/relude-0.2.0/docs/Relude-Debug.html#v:undefined