Can I mount a drive using UUID from the command-line (Not fstab?)

Yes it's possible, you just use the UUID option:

lsblk -o NAME,UUID
NAME      UUID
sdc       
├─sdc1    A190-92D5
└─sdc2    A198-A7BC

sudo mount -U A198-A7BC /mnt

Or

sudo mount UUID=A198-A7BC /mnt

Or

sudo mount --uuid A198-A7BC /mnt

The mount --help:

Source:
 -L, --label      synonym for LABEL=
 -U, --uuid        synonym for UUID=
 LABEL=           specifies device by filesystem label
 UUID=             specifies device by filesystem UUID
 PARTLABEL=       specifies device by partition label
 PARTUUID=         specifies device by partition UUID
                 specifies device by path
              mountpoint for bind mounts (see --bind/rbind)
                   regular file for loopdev setup

If you're interested in having an fstab entry for a drive which may not be present at boot time, you have two options which can help: noauto and nofail:

noauto: do not mount when "mount -a" is given (e.g., at boot time)

nofail: do not report errors for this device if it does not exist.

Imagine you have an fstab entry

UUID={YOUR-UID}    /mnt/data      ext4    defaults

If you add noauto to the options, the system will not attempt to mount the drive at boot time. You'll be able to mount it manually with mount /mnt/data.

If you add nofail, the system will try to mount the drive at boot time, but if the drive is not present the boot sequence will not be interrupted. You'll be able to mount the drive if you plug it later using mount /mnt/data.

You can use the system-provided symlinks:

mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/{YOUR_UUID} /mnt