Can I power an NodeMCU trough VIN providing 5v

Can I use the micro usb's 5v to power the board through the VIN or do any solution require more equipment than that ?

Yes. That is the pin's purpose. You can use any voltage from about 4.5V up to 20V, although higher voltages will cause more heat from the on-board 3.3V regulator.

VIN just connects to the 5V of the USB.

If you are working with the "v3" (Lolin) pcb, USB v5 pin is not directly connected to Vin, but to VU. Vin has a S4 SMD diode (aka Schottky 40V1A 1N5819) between it and the USB v5 pin.