check and update inside mongodb array of objects code example

Example: mongodb update field inside array

Consider the following document in the students collection whose grades element value is an array of embedded documents:

{
  _id: 4,
  grades: [
     { grade: 80, mean: 75, std: 8 },
     { grade: 85, mean: 90, std: 5 },
     { grade: 85, mean: 85, std: 8 }
  ]
}

Use the positional $ operator to update the std field of the first array element that matches the grade equal to 85 condition:

IMPORTANT
---------
You must include the array field as part of the query document.

db.students.updateOne(
   { _id: 4, "grades.grade": 85 },
   { $set: { "grades.$.std" : 6 } }
)
After the operation, the document has the following updated values:

{
   "_id" : 4,
   "grades" : [
      { "grade" : 80, "mean" : 75, "std" : 8 },
      { "grade" : 85, "mean" : 90, "std" : 6 },
      { "grade" : 85, "mean" : 85, "std" : 8 }
   ]
}