Civilization V won't start
Check if you fulfill the minimal requirements
Aspyr has done the porting of "Sid Meier's Civilization V: Complete Edition" for Linux. The minimum requirements for Linux for the Linux Steam version are:
Check that your video card is running OpenGL version 3.3 with at least 512MB of Vram.
To be sure that you fulfill the requirements. They say
Select Help from the Steam menu, then System Information.
Source (If you want to read it, you will need sign-up for an account at their support system. It's easy, at no cost and looks serious.)
Report it to Aspyr
If you fulfill the requirements and you still can't start the game you should open a ticket.
Open a ticket with us ([email protected]) and include a copy/paste of the Steam System information screen.
Same Source as above