Embed URL Link in SMS via PHP
SMS reader is NOT a webbrowser. Expecting a phone to render an SMS as a web page is pushing things.
Some phones have some smarts and will linkify URLs if they're spotted in there, but that's dependent on the phone.
Most phones will automatically linkify URLs, however it is not possible to give links the way you are trying to do. Simply send www.google.com and the receiving device will link it for you.
No, clickable links are dependent on the phone. Some phones will parse the SMS and make links "clickable", others won't.