Encode string representation of integer to base64 in Python 3

Try this:

foo = 1
base64.b64encode(bytes([foo]))

foo = 1
base64.b64encode(bytes(str(foo), 'ascii'))
# Or, roughly equivalently:
base64.b64encode(str(foo).encode('ascii'))

The first example encodes the 1-byte integer 1. The 2nd example encodes the 1-byte character string '1'.

If you initialize bytes(N) with an integer N, it will give you bytes of length N initialized with null bytes:

>>> bytes(10)
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'

what you want is the string "1"; so encode it to bytes with:

>>> "1".encode()
b'1'

now, base64 will give you b'MQ==':

>>> import base64
>>> base64.b64encode("1".encode())
b'MQ=='

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