Encrypting to standard output with gnupg
Just in case anyone still needs to do this, you can do it with
gpg -ac -o- infile
Setting the output filename to "-" sends the output to stdout.
Instead of passing the input file to gpg, use shell redirection to send the input file to gpg's stdin, e.g.:
gpg -ac < inputfile
If anybody else needs a better or more concise answer:
You can do gpg --output -
with any other flags.
For the example above you can do gpg --armor --symmetric --output - file.txt
or gpg -aco - file.txt