error in rsync protocol data stream (code 12) at io.c(605) [Receiver=3.0.9]

According to this it's an official bug. At the bottom of the page, one victim of the bug mentions he doesn't get it when the file he's trying to send is < 100 GB or when he uses the -W flag on the client (which indicates whole file copy, rather than rsync delta resolution; basically, turns rsync into little better than scp).

I found that this error occurred when the hard disk drive of the target machine was full.

I found this after trying the accepted answer and getting the same error, so it might help someone for whom the accepted answer does not work. Clearly this is quite a specific answer and very easy to diagnose, so I do not presume that this error message is directly connected to a lack of space on the target.

Make sure rsync is installed on remote server also.

Same issue was occurred but disappear after installing rsync on remote server. Without rsync on Remote server how it will work?