execute stored procedure in entity Framework Core without expecting map to dbset

If you are not on version 2.1, you will need to add:

public DbSet<ClaimDataView> ClaimDataView { get; set; }

to your moduleContext. And add NotMapped to your class:

[NotMapped]
public class ClaimDataView

You can utilize the Query Types introduced in EF Core 2.1.

First you need to register you class as query type:

modelBuilder.Query<ClaimDataView>();

Then you can use Context.Query<ClaimDataView>() in place of your current Context.Claims:

var query = Context.Query<ClaimDataView>().FromSql(...);

Update (EF Core 3.x+):

Starting with EF Core 3.0, query types have been consolidated with entity types and renamed to Keyless Entity Types, so the corresponding code is

modelBuilder.Entity<ClaimDataView>().HasNoKey().ToView(null);

and

var query = Context.Set<ClaimDataView>().FromSql(...);