Extracting files from .phar archive
Not sure if it's new, but under PHP 5.4.16 this works:
phar extract -f %some phar file%
The phar is extracted relative to your current working directory.
Extending on @pozs’s answer, you can actually use PharData->extractTo in a simple one-liner:
php -r '$phar = new Phar("phar-file.phar"); $phar->extractTo("./directory");'
Yes, this library can do it: https://github.com/koto/phar-util
phar-extract library.phar output-directory