Famous cases of multiple papers by the same author published in same issue of same journal
Roger Howe famously filled an entire issue of Pacific Journal of Mathematics (volume 73, no.2, 1977) with 8 different papers. (Also, Euler...)
This case is not famous at all, but I think it deserves to become at least better known, so...
Beso Pachuashvili, gifted mathematician who passed away this year, is hardly known to anybody. His insights into Hopf algebra theory and monoidal categories still await proper understanding. Most notably he had envisioned certain variant of the fact that in commutative monoids of a monoidal category tensor becomes coproduct for other kinds of limits. In case of equalizers, this opened up one possible approach to the construction of cohomologies in monoidal categories. In mid eighties he had some interaction with Drinfeld on the topic, I wonder if Drinfeld can recall what information did they exchange back then.
The entire issue 2 of Volume 72 of the Journal of Pure and Applied algebra (from 1991) is occupied by his two papers: "Cohomologies and extensions in monoidal categories" (doi:10.1016/0022-4049(91)90027-Y) and "Some properties of cohomologies in monoidal categories" (doi:10.1016/0022-4049(91)90028-Z).
In the first issue of Fundamenta Mathematicae, 1920, Wacław Sierpiński has 13 single-authored papers and 1 joint with Stefan Mazurkiewicz. In the same issue Mazurkiewicz has 3 addtional single-authored papers. Kazimierz (Casimir) Kuratowski has 3 single-authored papers and 1 joint with Zygmunt Janiszewski (a posthumous publication for the latter). The papers are not parts of bigger ones. Sierpiński also contributed several open problems to the first issue (one jointly with his student Tadeusz Felsztyn); Mazurkiewicz (alone) and Kuratowski (jointly with Bronisław Knaster) contributed 1 problem each.
Sierpiński and Mazurkiewicz also were editors-in-chief of the journal at the time, taking over after the death of Janiszewski, who got the idea of the journal and prepared the first issue for print. Fundamenta were supposed to concentrate on set theory and topology, the specialties of the still-new Polish school of mathematics, so it is natural that the specialized journal featured so many contributions by then-active top Polish mathematicians. Especially the first issue, which was also meant as a kind of an introduction of the Polish school to the broader mathematical community. But even in later pre-war issues there are often multiple papers by Sierpiński and/or other authors.
The papers can be viewed and downloaded for free at https://www.impan.pl/en/publishing-house/journals-and-series/fundamenta-mathematicae/all/1