Find longest occurrence of same number in array

I've modified your function slightly. You need to store the highest streak as a separate variable from the current streak, and overwrite that where necessary in your loop - finally returning that variable at the end of your function.

function streak(arr) {
    var i,
        temp,
        streak,
        length = arr.length,
        highestStreak = 0;

    for(i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        // check the value of the current entry against the last
        if(temp != '' && temp == arr[i]) {
            // it's a match
            streak++;
        } else {
            // it's not a match, start streak from 1
            streak = 1;
        }

        // set current letter for next time
        temp = arr[i];

        // set the master streak var
        if(streak > highestStreak) {
            highestStreak = streak;
        }
    }

    return highestStreak;
}

var array = [2,5,3,1,1,1,3,7,9,6,4,1,1,1,1,1,4,7,2,3,1,1,4,3];

console.log(streak(array)); // 5

And if you want to also track what the value of the highest streak was, define another variable at the start of your function, save the value of it when you save the highest streak, and return it as an array:

    // set the master streak var
    if(streak > highestStreak) {
        highestStreakValue = temp;
        highestStreak = streak;
    }
}

return [highestStreak, highestStreakValue];


var array = [2,5,3,1,1,1,3,7,9,6,4,'a','a','a','a','a',4,7,2,3,1,1,4,3];
console.log(streak(array)); // [5, "a"]

Demo returning both

An alternative approach. I'm converting the array to a string. The regular expression has a backrefence, which ensures that only sequences of the same character are matched. Also when exec is used with the g flag, repeated executions will continue from the end of last match, and not from the beginning.

var arr = [2,5,3,1,1,1,3,7,9,6,4,1,1,1,1,1,4,7,2,3,1,1,4,3];
var str = arr.join('');
var regex = /(.)\1*/g;
var match;
var largest = '';

while (match = regex.exec(str)) {
  largest = match[0].length > largest.length ? match[0] : largest;
}

console.log(largest.length);