Finding the subsets of an array in PHP

You wish for the power set of $attributes? That is what your question implies.

An example can be found here (quoted for completeness)

<?php 
/** 
* Returns the power set of a one dimensional array, a 2-D array. 
* [a,b,c] -> [ [a], [b], [c], [a, b], [a, c], [b, c], [a, b, c] ]
*/ 
function powerSet($in,$minLength = 1) { 
   $count = count($in); 
   $members = pow(2,$count); 
   $return = array(); 
   for ($i = 0; $i < $members; $i++) { 
      $b = sprintf("%0".$count."b",$i); 
      $out = array(); 
      for ($j = 0; $j < $count; $j++) { 
         if ($b{$j} == '1') $out[] = $in[$j]; 
      } 
      if (count($out) >= $minLength) { 
         $return[] = $out; 
      } 
   } 
   return $return; 
} 

Using php array_merge we can have a nice short powerSet function

function powerSet($array) {
    // add the empty set
    $results = [[]];

    foreach ($array as $element) {
        foreach ($results as $combination) {
            $results[] = array_merge(array($element), $combination);
        }
    }

    return $results;
}