Get polygon points mysql

To answer your question, a great option would be to output the GeoJSON format. See more here: (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/spatial-geojson-functions.html)

select ST_AsGeoJSON(g) from geom;

To help with your actual problem of selecting points in the bounding polygon: @jcorry has a great solution with ST_Contains

To further expand this out to select all points from a coordinates table that the Polygon encapsulates, you can do something like:

select
ST_X(point) as x,
ST_Y(point) as y   
from coordinates
where ST_Contains(
    (select g from geom limit 1), 
    point
)

If you want to find whether a point is in a polygon, you don't need to derive the individual vertices to do that. There's a function in MySQL (5.6+) for this:

SELECT ST_Contains(PolygonFromText('POLYGON((
9.190586853 45.464518970,
9.190602686 45.463993916,
9.191572471 45.464001929,
9.191613325 45.463884676,
9.192136130 45.463880767,
9.192111509 45.464095594,
9.192427961 45.464117804,
9.192417811 45.464112862,
9.192509035 45.464225851,
9.192493139 45.464371079,
9.192448471 45.464439002,
9.192387444 45.464477861,
9.192051402 45.464483037,
9.192012814 45.464643592,
9.191640825 45.464647090,
9.191622331 45.464506215,
9.190586853 45.464518970))'), PointFromText("POINT(10 42)")
);

If you want the WKT back: SELECT AsText(g) FROM geom;