Getting "error: closed" twice on "adb reverse"

adb reverse was introduced in Android 5.0

Since adb reverse is not supported in Android versions lower than 5.0, you need to use an alternative method, for example connecting via Wi-Fi instead. If you are using React Native, Facebook has added official documentation to connect to the development server via Wi-Fi. Quoting the instructions for MacOS, but they also have them for Linux and Windows:

Method 2: Connect via Wi-Fi

You can also connect to the development server over Wi-Fi. You'll first need to install the app on your device using a USB cable, but once that has been done you can debug wirelessly by following these instructions. You'll need your development machine's current IP address before proceeding.

You can find the IP address in System Preferences → Network.

Make sure your laptop and your phone are on the same Wi-Fi network. Open your React Native app on your device. You'll see a red screen with an error. This is OK. The following steps will fix that. Open the in-app Developer menu. Go to Dev Settings → Debug server host for device. Type in your machine's IP address and the port of the local dev server (e.g. 10.0.1.1:8081). Go back to the Developer menu and select Reload JS.