Git changes not showing in VS2013 Update 2
Open the .gitignore
file with Editor or Notepad++, and delete the lines that include the files you want to track.
I had this problem too. It happened randomly, and sooner or later my git status was completely erased from Microsoft Git Provider add-in in Visual Studio, although it was correct on Git bash.
Turns out that, in my case, it would happen as soon as I open a connection to a LocalDb database from SQL Management Studio, and kept the connection open. So, I suspect this might happens whenever a process locks out a file which is monitored by Microsoft Git Provider.
Hope it helps. In my case, it's fixed!
even if it's quite old question, I've got a similar problem last week on VS2013 and none of previews workarounds are efficents for me. While editing a file, it's appear on Team Explorer list of modify files but, as soon as they are saved, they disaperead from any lists. Other tools (git bash, tortoise, ...) saw them as modify and uncommit but not VS. I solutionne this problem in the parameter of Git in Team Explorer by generating the .gitIgnore file of the solution ! I hope this could help.
I had the Roslyn preview extension installed. Disabling this extension fixes the issue.