Google Test Fixtures

myPhrase1 and myPhrase2 are local to the setup method, not the test fixture.

What you wanted was:

class PhraseTest : public ::testing::Test
{
protected:
     phraseClass * myPhrase1;
     phraseClass * myPhrase2;
     virtual void SetUp()
     {      
         myPhrase1 = new createPhrase("1234567890");
         myPhrase2 = new createPhrase("1234567890");  
     }

     virtual void TearDown()
     {
        delete myPhrase1;
        delete myPhrase2;  
     }
};

TEST_F(PhraseTest, OperatorTest)
{
    ASSERT_TRUE(*myPhrase1 == *myPhrase2);

}

myPhrase1 and myPhrase2 are declared as local variables in the SetUp function. You need to declare them as members of the class:

class PhraseTest : public ::testing::Test
{
  protected:

  virtual void SetUp()
  {      
    myPhrase1 = new createPhrase("1234567890");
    myPhrase2 = new createPhrase("1234567890");  
  }

  virtual void TearDown()
  {
    delete myPhrase1;
    delete myPhrase2;  
  }

  phraseClass* myPhrase1;
  phraseClass* myPhrase2;
};

TEST_F(PhraseTest, OperatorTest)
{
  ASSERT_TRUE(*myPhrase1 == *myPhrase2);
}