Haskell: Deriving Show for custom type

The instance declaration you made is the correct way to go. It seems you forgot to remove that faulty deriving clause from the original data declaration.

data Operace = Op (Int->Int->Int) String (Int->Int->Int)

instance Show Operace where
   show (Op op str inv) = show str

You can derive Show, just import Text.Show.Functions first.