How can I perform a ping or traceroute using native python?

If you don't mind using an external module and not using UDP or TCP, scapy is an easy solution:

from scapy.all import *
target = ["192.168.1.254"]
result, unans = traceroute(target,l4=UDP(sport=RandShort())/DNS(qd=DNSQR(qname="www.google.com")))

Or you can use the tcp version

from scapy.all import *
target = ["192.168.1.254"]
result, unans = traceroute(target,maxttl=32)

Please note you will have to run scapy as root in order to be able to perform these tasks or you will get:

socket.error: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted

Running interpreters as root is often frowned upon on security grounds (and of course you DO need to have root permission to access the "raw" socked as needed by the ICMP specs of ping and traceroute!), but if you have no problems with that it's not hard -- e.g., this post gives a workable ping, and Jeremy Hylton's old page has still-usable underlying code for ICMP (both ping and traceroute) though it's written for very old Python versions and needs a litte facelift to shine with modern ones -- but, the concepts ARE all there, in both the URLs I gave you!

The Webb Library is very handy in performing all kinds of web related extracts...and ping and traceroute can be done easily through it. Just include the URL you want to traceroute to:

import webb
webb.traceroute("your-web-page-url")

If you wish to store the traceroute log to a text file automatically, use the following command:

webb.traceroute("your-web-page-url",'file-name.txt')

Similarly a IP address of a URl (server) can be obtained with the following lines of code:

print(webb.get_ip("your-web-page-url"))

Hope it helps!