How can I recursively change the permissions of files and directories?
Just add the -R
option to recursively change the permissions of files. An example, recursively add read and write permissions for the owner and group on foldername
:
chmod -R ug+rw foldername
Permissions will be like 664 or 775.
Setting the permissions to 777 is highly discouraged. You get errors in either Apache or your editor regarding permissions because apache runs under a different user (www-data
) than you.
If you want to write to /var/www
, add yourself to the www-data
group and set umask+permissions accordingly.
- Add yourself to the
www-data
group:sudo adduser $USER www-data
- Change the ownership of the files in
/var/www
:sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www
- Change the umask, so newly created files by Apache grants write permissions to the group too. Add
umask 007
to/etc/apache2/envvars
. - Grant yourself (technically, the group
www-data
) write permissions:sudo chmod -R g+w /var/www
.
bruteforce:
sudo find foldername -exec chmod a+rwx {} ";"
What does not work? Be more specific!
sudo find foldername -type d -exec chmod 755 {} ";"
sudo find foldername -type f -exec chmod 644 {} ";"
You can change the subfolders and files on Nautilus. As you can see on the image below. In order to have the permissons on buttons, you can enable the option on Ubuntu Tweak.