How do I break up an extremely long string literal in bash?
I define a short strcat function at the top of my bash script and use an inline invocation to split things up. I sometimes prefer it to using a separate variable because I can define the long literal in-line with the command invocation.
function strcat() {
local IFS=""
echo -n "$*"
}
mycommand \
--server myserver \
--filename "$(strcat \
extremely/long/file/name/ \
that/i/would/like/to/be/able/to/break/ \
up/if/possible)" \
--otherflag \
--anotherflag \
I also like this approach for when I have to enter a long CSV of values as a flag parameter because I can use it to avoid typing the comma between values:
function strjoin() {
local IFS="$1"
shift
echo -n "$*"
}
csv_args=(
foo=hello
bar=world
"this=arg has spaces in it"
)
mycommand \
--server myserver \
--csv_args "$(strjoin , "${csv_args[@]}")" \
--otherflag \
--anotherflag \
Which is equivalent to
mycommand \
--server myserver \
--csv_args "foo=hello,bar=world,this=arg has spaces in it" \
--otherflag \
--anotherflag \
You can use a variable :
file=extremely/long/file/name
file+=/that/i/would/like/to/be/able/to/break
file+=/up/if/possible
mycommand\
--server myserver\
--filename $file\
--flag flag
One can also use an array variable
file=(extremely/long/file/name
/that/i/would/like/to/be/able/to/break
/up/if/possible)
IFS=''
echo mycommand\
--server myserver\
--filename "${file[*]}"\
--flag flag
It's a bit of a hack, but this works:
mycommand \
--server myserver \
--filename "extremely/long/file/name/"`
`"that/i/would/like/to/be/able/to/break/"`
`"up/if/possible" \
--otherflag \
--anotherflag
Bash concatenates string literals that are adjacent, so we take advantage of that. For example, echo "hi" "there"
prints hi there
whereas echo "hi""there"
prints hithere
.
It also takes advantage of the backtick operator, and the fact that a bunch of spaces evaluates to nothing.