How do I read the source code of shell commands?
Direct links to source for some popular programs in coreutils:
cat(767 lines)chmod(570 lines)cp(2912 lines)cut(831 lines)date(570 lines)df(1718 lines)du(1112 lines)echo(272 lines)head(1070 lines)hostname(116 lines)kill(312 lines)ln(651 lines)ls(4954 lines)md5sum(878 lines)mkdir(306 lines)mv(512 lines)nice(220 lines)pwd(394 lines)rm(356 lines)rmdir(252 lines)shred(1325 lines)tail(2301 lines)tee(220 lines)touch(437 lines)wc(801 lines)whoami(91 lines)
Full list here.
Actually more sane sources are provided by http://suckless.org look at their sbase repository:
git clone git://git.suckless.org/sbase
They are clearer, smarter, simpler and suckless, eg ls.c has just 369 LOC
After that it will be easier to understand more complicated GNU code.
All these basic commands are part of the coreutils package.
You can find all information you need here:
http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/
If you want to download the latest source, you should use git:
git clone git://git.sv.gnu.org/coreutils
To install git on your Ubuntu machine, you should use apt-get (git is not included in the standard Ubuntu installation):
sudo apt-get install git
Truth to be told, here you can find specific source for the ls command:
http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/coreutils.git/tree/src/ls.c
Only 4984 code lines for a command 'easy enough' as ls... are you still interested in reading it?? Good luck! :D
ls is part of coreutils. You can get it with git :
git clone git://git.sv.gnu.org/coreutils
You'll find coreutils listed with other packages (scroll to bottom) on this page.