How to apply changes of newly added user groups without needing to reboot?

Local solution: use su yourself to login again. In the new session you'll be considered as a member of the group.

Man pages for newgrp and sg might also be of interest to change your current group id (and login into a new group):

To use webdev's group id (and privileges) in your current shell use:
```
 newgrp webdev
```
To start a command with some group id (and keep current privileges in your shell) use:
```
 sg webdev -c "command"
```
(sg is like su but for groups, and it should work without the group password if you are listed as a member of the group in the system's data)

Rebooting system is an overkill, even logout & login is not necessary if you use gpasswd.

You can add takpar to webdev group using:

$ gpasswd -a takpar webdev

You can check group membership using getent group {name} command:

$ getent group webdev
webdev:x:1008:webdev,takpar

which should be the same as cat /etc/group | grep webdev. For completeness here's id output from from takpar shell session:

$ id takpar
uid=1007(takpar) gid=1007(takpar) groups=1007(takpar),1008(webdev)

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