how to apply css to parent element based on child code example

Example 1: css parent selector

/* There is no such selector
   in 2008, the following was suggested */

a < img { 'border': none }

/* Which in theory, would set an an images 'a' parent
   border to none
   Of course, this does not exist

   Another suggestion... */

div:parent { 'border': none }

/* Pretty self explainatory, nevertheless it does not
   exist.

   You will have to use JavaScript/jQuery */

$('some-element').parent();

Example 2: styles for parent of selector

Short answer: no such selector exists. Use JavaScript
Long answer: by Kaotik below

Example 3: secltor for parent li css

//in css no way!
//but in java can use this:
$("a.active").parents('li').css("property", "value");

Example 4: how to select elements from a parrent element css

// select all p elements with div as parent

div > p {
  background-color: yellow;
}