how to convert list of list into single list in python code example

Example 1: python flat list from list of list

flat_list = [item for sublist in l for item in sublist]

#which is equivalent to this 
flat_list = []
for sublist in l:
    for item in sublist:
        flat_list.append(item)

Example 2: python flatten list

itertools.chain.from_iterable(factors)