How to copy all the attributes of one element and apply them to another?

You can use the native Node#attributes property: http://jsfiddle.net/SDWHN/16/.

var $select = $("select");
var $div = $("div");

var attributes = $select.prop("attributes");

// loop through <select> attributes and apply them on <div>
$.each(attributes, function() {
    $div.attr(this.name, this.value);
});

alert($div.data("foo"));

Pretty Simple

function cloneAttributes(element, sourceNode) {
  let attr;
  let attributes = Array.prototype.slice.call(sourceNode.attributes);
  while(attr = attributes.pop()) {
    element.setAttribute(attr.nodeName, attr.nodeValue);
  }
}

ES6 syntax one liner:

function cloneAttributes(target, source) {
  [...source.attributes].forEach( attr => { target.setAttribute(attr.nodeName ,attr.nodeValue) })
}

And as noted in the first comment - you would probably don't want to copy the source id attribute... so this one will save it as a 'data-id' attribute in case you need a reference.

function cloneAttributes(target, source) {
  [...source.attributes].forEach( attr => { target.setAttribute(attr.nodeName === "id" ? 'data-id' : attr.nodeName ,attr.nodeValue) })
}