How to debug a Python segmentation fault?

tl;dr for python3 users.

Firstly, from the docs:

faulthandler is a builtin module since Python 3.3

Code usage:

import faulthandler

faulthandler.enable()
// bad code goes here

Shell usage:

$ python3 -q -X faulthandler
>>> /// bad cod goes here

I got to this question because of the Segmentation fault, but not on exit, just in general, and I found that nothing else helped as effectively as faulthandler. It's part of Python 3.3, and you can install in 2.7 using pip.