How to find the attributes of a shapefile from the command line?

ogrinfo -so -al yourshapefile.shp

This will give you geometry type, number of features/shapes, bounding box corners, projection information, and the name of each attribute file as well as the datatype stored in those attributes.

Please check out https://github.com/GeospatialPython/pyshp an easy way to get information about shapefile.