how to get an outerHTML, innerHTML, and getText() of an element

A little more explicitly:

expect(row.element(by.css('img')).getAttribute('src')).toMatch(/someImg.png/);
expect(row.element(by.css('span')).getOuterHtml()).toBe('<i><img src="res/someImg.png"></i>'); 
expect(row.element(by.css('i')).getInnerHtml()).toBe('<img src="res/someImg.png">'); 

Use getAttribute() in all 3 cases - for src, outerHTML and innerHTML:

expect(row.element(by.css('img')).getAttribute('src')).toMatch(/someImg.png/);
expect(row.element(by.css('span')).getAttribute('outerHTML')).toBe('<i><img src="res/someImg.png"></i>'); 
expect(row.element(by.css('i')).getAttribute('innerHTML')).toBe('<img src="res/someImg.png">'); 

^{Tested - works for me.}