How to get github token using username and password

You should use oauth instead: http://developer.github.com/v3/oauth/

Once you have only login and password you can use them using basic auth. First of all, check if this code shows you json data of desired repo. Username and password must be separated by a colon.

curl -u "user:pwd" https://api.github.com/repos/user/repo

If succeeded you should consider doing this request from code.

import urllib2
import json
from StringIO import StringIO
import base64

username = "[email protected]"
password = "naked_password"

req = urllib2.Request("https://api.github.com/repos/user/repo")
req.add_header("Authorization", "Basic " + base64.urlsafe_b64encode("%s:%s" % (username, password)))
req.add_header("Content-Type", "application/json")
req.add_header("Accept", "application/json")
res = urllib2.urlopen(req)

data = res.read()
repository = json.load(StringIO(data))

Github users can create Personal Access Tokens at their application settings. You can use this token as an alternative to username/password in basic http authentication to call the API or to access private repositories on the github website.

Simply use a client that supports basic http authentication. Set the username equal to the token, and the password equal to x-oauth-basic. For example with curl:

curl -u <token>:x-oauth-basic https://api.github.com/user

See also https://developer.github.com/v3/auth/.